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Acronis disk director 12 boot usb free download

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Acronis disk director 12 boot usb free download



 

The default type is that of the original volume. This size cannot be less than the size of data on the original volume. For a basic volume, you can increase its size only by taking unallocated space that is adjacent to it. In the volume layout diagram at the bottom of the window, you can specify the space that the volume will occupy on each of the selected disks, by typing the sizes or by dragging the sliders.

Click Finish to add the pending volume copying operation. Unlike moving all files from the volume, moving the volume itself ensures that the entire content of the new volume is the same. This is important if you are moving a volume from which Windows starts. The original and new volumes can have different types.

For example, you can move a striped volume as a larger simple volume. Tip: If you want to relocate a basic volume within the same disk, you can use the resizing a volume p. Namely, you can leave the size of the volume unchanged, but change the amount of unallocated space before and after the volume.

Caution: Avoid moving a volume from which an operating system other than Windows, such as Linux, starts. Otherwise, that operating system may become unbootable. To move a volume 1. Select the volume that you want to move, and then click Move volume.

Click Finish to add the pending volume moving operation. If you want to transfer your system to a new hard disk, consider disk cloning instead—see Basic disk cloning p. The machine or its operating system will not always remain bootable after you move such volume. A reboot is required when you move the boot volume of the currently running Windows operating system, the system volume, or the active volume.

All data will remain intact and reside on the resultant volume. The resultant volume will have the same label, letter and file system as the main volume—that is, the volume to which data from the other volume will be added. Free space requirements.

The combined amount of free space on the main volume and on the other volume must be at least 5 percent of the size of data on the other volume. For example, if files and folders on the other volume occupy GB, you need a combined total of 5 GB of free space, for example 2 GB on one volume and 3 GB on another. Caution: Volumes that contain encrypted files cannot be merged.

To merge basic volumes 1. Right-click the volume that you need to be merged, and then click Merge volume. Select another volume you need to merge. In Main volumes, specify which one of the selected volumes will be considered as a main. Data from the other volume will be added to a separate folder on the main volume. This folder will be named according to the volume label and volume letter if present ; for example: Merged Volume 'System' C 3.

Click OK to add the pending volumes merging operation. At the bottom of the window, you can estimate how the resultant volume will look like after the merging. Merging an NTFS volume to a volume with a file system that does not support security options for example, FAT32 volume , will result in the loss of security settings volume ownership data and access permissions.

With the opposite action merging a non-secured volume to a secured one , the main volume security settings will be assigned to the resultant volume. Caution: Formatting destroys all data that is currently stored on the volume. In this case, the formatting window is part of the Create Volume Wizard. To format a volume 1. Right-click the volume that you want to format, and then click Format.

In File system, select the file system that you want to create on the volume. For the list of supported file systems, see Supported file systems. In Cluster size, specify the cluster size—also known as allocation unit size—for the file system. Optionally, in Volume label, type the volume label that you want to assign to the volume to better differentiate it from other volumes. The maximum number of characters in the volume label depends on the file system that you selected—see Changing a volume label p.

Click OK to add the pending volume formatting operation. More about cluster sizes Using the default cluster size is normally the best option.

Smaller cluster sizes allow for more efficient storage if the volume is to contain a vast number of very small files. Bigger cluster sizes make it possible for the volume to have a size beyond normal limits. For example, these programs may incorrectly calculate the total and available space on such volumes. The space that was occupied by the volume becomes unallocated space on the corresponding disk or disks.

Caution: After you delete the volume, all data that is stored on it will be lost. Tip: Deleting a mirrored volume means deleting both of its mirrors. For information on how to delete only one mirror, see Removing a mirror p.

To delete a volume 1. Right-click the volume that you want to delete, and then click Delete volume. Click OK to add the pending volume deletion operation. When splitting a basic volume, you can move some files and folders from it to the new volume. The original basic volume will retain its type primary or logical , volume letter, and volume label. The original volume needs to have at least 16 MB of free space. The required space will be available again as soon as splitting is finished.

Caution: Volumes that contain encrypted files cannot be split. Also, dynamic volumes cannot be split. To split a basic volume 1. Right-click the basic volume that you need to split, and then click Split volume. To move some files and folders from the original volume to the new volume, select the Move selected files to created volume check box, then click Select, and then select the files and folders that you want to move.

Caution: When splitting a boot volume, avoid moving system folders, such as Windows or Program Files.

Otherwise, the corresponding Windows operating system will likely fail to start. Specify the size of the new volume, by typing it or by dragging the slider. Click OK to add the pending volume splitting operation. To change a volume label 1. Right-click the volume whose label you want to change, and then click Change label.

In New label, type the new volume label. The OK button will remain disabled as long as the label you typed contains such characters. Click OK to add the pending volume label changing operation. Volumes whose labels cannot be changed You cannot assign a volume label to a volume whose file system is shown as Unsupported, Not formatted, or Linux swap.

The volume label of this volume cannot be changed. For information on how to select the disk layout, see Disk layout p. Caution: Avoid changing the drive letter of a boot volume. Otherwise, the corresponding Windows operating system or some of the installed programs might fail to work normally.

To change a drive letter 1. Right-click the volume whose drive letter you want to change, and then click Change letter. Select a new drive letter from the list of available ones. To leave the volume without a drive letter, click Do not assign a letter. Click OK to add the pending drive letter changing operation. It converts a primary volume on such disk to a logical volume. Each basic MBR disk can have either up to four primary volumes, or up to three primary volumes plus an unlimited number of logical volumes.

You need to convert a primary volume to logical if you want to later create a fifth volume on a disk that currently has four primary volumes. The size of the converted volume might differ slightly from that of the original primary volume, because some space might be required to store supplementary information. Caution: Avoid converting the active volume or the system volume to logical. Otherwise, the machine will likely become unbootable. You can later convert the volume back to primary—see Convert to primary p.

To convert a primary volume to logical 1. Right-click the primary volume that you want to convert to logical, and then click Convert to logical. Click OK to add the pending primary volume to logical conversion operation. It converts a logical volume on such disk to a primary volume. You need to convert a logical volume to primary if you want to restore the bootability of a machine whose system volume was accidentally converted to logical. If the disk contains more than one logical volume, you can convert a logical volume to primary only when there are two or less primary volumes on the disk.

You can later convert the volume back to logical—see Convert to logical p. To convert a logical volume to primary 1. Right-click the logical volume that you want to convert to primary, and then click Convert to primary. Click OK to add the pending logical volume to primary conversion operation.

For example, NTFS volumes have a partition type of 07h. To change a partition type 1. Right-click the volume whose partition type you need to change, and then click Change partition type. Click OK to add the pending partition type changing operation. To specify the volume from which the machine will start, you need to set a volume to become active.

A disk can have only one active volume, so if you set a volume as active, the volume, which was previously active, will be automatically unset. To set a volume active 1. Right-click the primary volume you want to set as active, and then click Mark as active. If there is no other active volume in the system, the pending volume setting active operation volume will be added. If another active volume is present in the system, you will receive a warning that the previous active volume will no longer be active.

Click OK in the Warning window to add the pending volume setting active operation. Even if you have the operating system on the new active volume, in some cases the machine will not be able to boot from it. You will have to confirm your decision to set the new volume active. Adding a mirror to a basic or simple volume means converting that volume to a mirrored volume, which involves copying the volume's data to another disk.

To add a mirror to a volume 1. Right-click the basic or simple volume to which you want to add a mirror, and then click Add mirror. Select the disk on which you want to place the mirror. The disks that do not have enough unallocated space to create the mirror are not available for selection.

If you are adding a mirror to a basic volume or are placing the mirror on a basic disk, you will receive a warning that the corresponding disk or disks will be converted to dynamic. Click OK to add the pending addition of a mirror to the volume operation. Removing a mirror from a mirrored volume means converting that volume to a simple volume, thus losing fault tolerance. The space that was occupied by the removed mirror becomes unallocated space on the corresponding disk provided that that disk is not missing.

You cannot remove a mirror when both disks containing the mirrored volume are missing. To remove a mirror from a mirrored volume 1. Right-click the mirrored volume from which you want to remove a mirror, and then click Remove mirror.

Select the mirror that you want to remove. Note: If one of the mirrors is located on a missing disk, you can remove only that mirror. Click OK to add the pending mirror removal operation. Breaking a mirrored volume means converting its two mirrors into two independent simple volumes with initially identical content. One of the two volumes will retain the drive letter and volume label of the mirrored volume.

This operation differs from removing a mirror—see Remove mirror p. You can break a mirrored volume only when the disks containing both of its mirrors are online. To break a mirrored volume 1. Right-click the mirrored volume that you want to break, and then click Break mirror. To not assign a drive letter to the volume, click Do not assign the letter. The other mirror will be assigned the drive letter and volume label of the original mirrored volume.

Click OK to add the pending mirrored volume breaking operation. It can be especially useful in cases when a volume cannot be seen by Windows Explorer—for example, a volume with Linux file systems, or when running Acronis Disk Director from bootable media where there are no tools to view what is exactly stored on a volume.

To browse a volume's content 1. Right-click the volume whose contents you need to browse, and then click Browse files. In the Browse window, expand the folder tree to explore files and folders on the selected volume.

When you are finished with browsing, click OK. Note: The Browse window shows the real volume contents, read from the disk. If there are some operations pending, such as splitting a volume, you will not be able to explore the locked volumes until the operations are committed or canceled.

However, operations on folders in the Browse window are executed immediately. Hard disk volumes should be checked before configuring any operation on them—see Precautions p. Acronis Disk Director does not perform the checking itself, rather it launches the Check Disk tool Chkdsk.

To check a volume 1. Right-click the volume whose file system you need to check, and then click Check. To find and fix errors if any , select the Fix found errors check box. To locate bad sectors and recover readable information, select the Try to fix found bad sectors check box. Click OK to run the volume check. If the volume contains a very large number of files—for example, millions—the check can take a long time to complete.

The results of the operation will be displayed in a separate window. Note: If the volume is in use, the tool can only check it for errors, but cannot repair them. The checking and fixing of errors on this volume will be performed the next time you restart the system.

Defragmentation increases the system performance by consolidating fragmented files on a volume. Fragmentation occurs when the operating system cannot allocate enough contiguous space to store a complete file as a unit and thus, writes different pieces of a file in gaps between other files.

The defragmentation rearranges pieces of each file as close together and contiguously as possible, minimizing the time required to access it. To defragment a volume 1. Right click the volume you need to defragment, and then click Defragment. In the Defragmentation window, click OK to start defragmenting the volume. Depending on the amount of fragmented files, the defragmentation may take a long time to complete. The results will be displayed in a separate window.

Smaller cluster sizes allow for more efficient storage of smaller files by reducing the amount of wasted disk space. Furthermore, larger files may become more fragmented across the volume, increasing the amount of time that is needed to access them. Bigger cluster sizes improve performance by decreasing the time to access to larger files.

However, having a bigger cluster size wastes disk space if the typical size of the files stored on the volume is smaller than the cluster size. To change cluster size 1. Right-click the volume whose cluster size you need to change, and then click Change cluster size. Select the required cluster size from the list.

The default cluster size is marked in the list as default. The default cluster size depends on the volume size and the type of the file system. Important: The program does not allow you to select a particular cluster size if, the free volume space will decrease to the point where the data will not fit on the volume. Acronis Disk Director displays warning messages, when you select such cluster sizes.

Click OK to add the pending cluster size changing operation. Right-click the volume whose file system you need to convert, and then click Change file system. Select the required file system. Click OK to add the pending file system changing operation. Hiding a volume means changing the volume type so that the operating system cannot "see" this volume.

You may want to hide a volume in order to protect information from unauthorized or casual access. Hiding a volume does not affect letters assigned to other volumes, but the hidden volume loses its letter and this letter becomes free for assignment. Important: Hiding a volume that contains a swap file will prevent your machine from booting. Hiding a system volume or a boot volume with a currently running operating system is disabled in order to retain your machine bootability.

To hide a volume 1. Right-click the volume you need to hide, and then click Hide volume. If the volume has mount points, they will be removed automatically. Click OK to add the pending volume hiding operation. To unhide a volume 1. Right-click the hidden volume you need to unhide, and then click Unhide volume. The program automatically assigns the first vacant drive letter to this volume. Click OK to add the pending volume unhiding operation.

All of a files information, with the exception of its actual name and data, is stored in the i-node. Each file has its own i-node. Each i-node contains a file description, including number, file type, size, data block pointers, etc. Space for i-nodes is allocated when you install the operating system or when a new file system is created.

The maximum number of i-nodes, and hence the maximum number of files, is set at file system creation. Running out of i-nodes prohibits the creation of additional files and directories on the volume even if there is sufficient disk space. I-nodes themselves consume disk space, so specifying the i-node density lets you organize disk space in the optimal way.

Eassos PartitionGuru Free 5. DMDE 3. Wondershare Data Recovery 7. Protect your PC from data disasters with this versatile recovery tool. PDFCreator 5. Stardock Start11 v1. Add Comment. Be sure to check out our other documentation. You can also post questions on our discussion boards. Free, hour technical support is available. Refer to the Technical Support Site to see all support options.

Subscribe for tips, news and occasional promotional offers from Acronis. Subscribe now. It seems that our new website is incompatible with your current browser's version. To view our complete website, simply update your browser now or continue anyway. Disk Director. Buy now. Try now. Select the type of media to create. You will generally need to select an the ISO image option.

After selecting where to save the image file, review the details and click Proceed : Once the WinPE media image is created, burn it to a disc. Was this article helpful? Bootability will be preserved when you move such volume p. To copy a volume 1. Select the volume that you want to copy, and then click Copy volume.

Select the type that the new volume will have. The default type is that of the original volume. This size cannot be less than the size of data on the original volume. For a basic volume, you can increase its size only by taking unallocated space that is adjacent to it.

In the volume layout diagram at the bottom of the window, you can specify the space that the volume will occupy on each of the selected disks, by typing the sizes or by dragging the sliders. Click Finish to add the pending volume copying operation. Unlike moving all files from the volume, moving the volume itself ensures that the entire content of the new volume is the same. This is important if you are moving a volume from which Windows starts.

The original and new volumes can have different types. For example, you can move a striped volume as a larger simple volume. Tip: If you want to relocate a basic volume within the same disk, you can use the resizing a volume p. Namely, you can leave the size of the volume unchanged, but change the amount of unallocated space before and after the volume.

Caution: Avoid moving a volume from which an operating system other than Windows, such as Linux, starts. Otherwise, that operating system may become unbootable. To move a volume 1. Select the volume that you want to move, and then click Move volume.

Click Finish to add the pending volume moving operation. If you want to transfer your system to a new hard disk, consider disk cloning instead—see Basic disk cloning p. The machine or its operating system will not always remain bootable after you move such volume. A reboot is required when you move the boot volume of the currently running Windows operating system, the system volume, or the active volume.

All data will remain intact and reside on the resultant volume. The resultant volume will have the same label, letter and file system as the main volume—that is, the volume to which data from the other volume will be added. Free space requirements. The combined amount of free space on the main volume and on the other volume must be at least 5 percent of the size of data on the other volume.

For example, if files and folders on the other volume occupy GB, you need a combined total of 5 GB of free space, for example 2 GB on one volume and 3 GB on another.

Caution: Volumes that contain encrypted files cannot be merged. To merge basic volumes 1. Right-click the volume that you need to be merged, and then click Merge volume. Select another volume you need to merge. In Main volumes, specify which one of the selected volumes will be considered as a main. Data from the other volume will be added to a separate folder on the main volume. This folder will be named according to the volume label and volume letter if present ; for example: Merged Volume 'System' C 3.

Click OK to add the pending volumes merging operation. At the bottom of the window, you can estimate how the resultant volume will look like after the merging. Merging an NTFS volume to a volume with a file system that does not support security options for example, FAT32 volume , will result in the loss of security settings volume ownership data and access permissions.

With the opposite action merging a non-secured volume to a secured one , the main volume security settings will be assigned to the resultant volume. Caution: Formatting destroys all data that is currently stored on the volume. In this case, the formatting window is part of the Create Volume Wizard. To format a volume 1. Right-click the volume that you want to format, and then click Format.

In File system, select the file system that you want to create on the volume. For the list of supported file systems, see Supported file systems. In Cluster size, specify the cluster size—also known as allocation unit size—for the file system.

Optionally, in Volume label, type the volume label that you want to assign to the volume to better differentiate it from other volumes. The maximum number of characters in the volume label depends on the file system that you selected—see Changing a volume label p. Click OK to add the pending volume formatting operation. More about cluster sizes Using the default cluster size is normally the best option. Smaller cluster sizes allow for more efficient storage if the volume is to contain a vast number of very small files.

Bigger cluster sizes make it possible for the volume to have a size beyond normal limits. For example, these programs may incorrectly calculate the total and available space on such volumes. The space that was occupied by the volume becomes unallocated space on the corresponding disk or disks.

Caution: After you delete the volume, all data that is stored on it will be lost. Tip: Deleting a mirrored volume means deleting both of its mirrors.

For information on how to delete only one mirror, see Removing a mirror p. To delete a volume 1. Right-click the volume that you want to delete, and then click Delete volume.

Click OK to add the pending volume deletion operation. When splitting a basic volume, you can move some files and folders from it to the new volume. The original basic volume will retain its type primary or logical , volume letter, and volume label. The original volume needs to have at least 16 MB of free space. The required space will be available again as soon as splitting is finished. Caution: Volumes that contain encrypted files cannot be split. Also, dynamic volumes cannot be split. To split a basic volume 1.

Right-click the basic volume that you need to split, and then click Split volume. To move some files and folders from the original volume to the new volume, select the Move selected files to created volume check box, then click Select, and then select the files and folders that you want to move. Caution: When splitting a boot volume, avoid moving system folders, such as Windows or Program Files.

Otherwise, the corresponding Windows operating system will likely fail to start. Specify the size of the new volume, by typing it or by dragging the slider. Click OK to add the pending volume splitting operation. To change a volume label 1. Right-click the volume whose label you want to change, and then click Change label. In New label, type the new volume label. The OK button will remain disabled as long as the label you typed contains such characters. Click OK to add the pending volume label changing operation.

Volumes whose labels cannot be changed You cannot assign a volume label to a volume whose file system is shown as Unsupported, Not formatted, or Linux swap. The volume label of this volume cannot be changed. For information on how to select the disk layout, see Disk layout p. Caution: Avoid changing the drive letter of a boot volume. Otherwise, the corresponding Windows operating system or some of the installed programs might fail to work normally.

To change a drive letter 1. Right-click the volume whose drive letter you want to change, and then click Change letter. Select a new drive letter from the list of available ones. To leave the volume without a drive letter, click Do not assign a letter. Click OK to add the pending drive letter changing operation. It converts a primary volume on such disk to a logical volume. Each basic MBR disk can have either up to four primary volumes, or up to three primary volumes plus an unlimited number of logical volumes.

You need to convert a primary volume to logical if you want to later create a fifth volume on a disk that currently has four primary volumes. The size of the converted volume might differ slightly from that of the original primary volume, because some space might be required to store supplementary information. Caution: Avoid converting the active volume or the system volume to logical.

Otherwise, the machine will likely become unbootable. You can later convert the volume back to primary—see Convert to primary p. To convert a primary volume to logical 1. Right-click the primary volume that you want to convert to logical, and then click Convert to logical.

Click OK to add the pending primary volume to logical conversion operation. It converts a logical volume on such disk to a primary volume. You need to convert a logical volume to primary if you want to restore the bootability of a machine whose system volume was accidentally converted to logical. If the disk contains more than one logical volume, you can convert a logical volume to primary only when there are two or less primary volumes on the disk.

You can later convert the volume back to logical—see Convert to logical p. To convert a logical volume to primary 1. Right-click the logical volume that you want to convert to primary, and then click Convert to primary. Click OK to add the pending logical volume to primary conversion operation. For example, NTFS volumes have a partition type of 07h. To change a partition type 1. Right-click the volume whose partition type you need to change, and then click Change partition type.

Click OK to add the pending partition type changing operation. To specify the volume from which the machine will start, you need to set a volume to become active. A disk can have only one active volume, so if you set a volume as active, the volume, which was previously active, will be automatically unset.

To set a volume active 1. Right-click the primary volume you want to set as active, and then click Mark as active. If there is no other active volume in the system, the pending volume setting active operation volume will be added.

If another active volume is present in the system, you will receive a warning that the previous active volume will no longer be active. Click OK in the Warning window to add the pending volume setting active operation. Even if you have the operating system on the new active volume, in some cases the machine will not be able to boot from it.

You will have to confirm your decision to set the new volume active. Adding a mirror to a basic or simple volume means converting that volume to a mirrored volume, which involves copying the volume's data to another disk. To add a mirror to a volume 1. Right-click the basic or simple volume to which you want to add a mirror, and then click Add mirror.

Select the disk on which you want to place the mirror. The disks that do not have enough unallocated space to create the mirror are not available for selection. If you are adding a mirror to a basic volume or are placing the mirror on a basic disk, you will receive a warning that the corresponding disk or disks will be converted to dynamic.

Click OK to add the pending addition of a mirror to the volume operation. Removing a mirror from a mirrored volume means converting that volume to a simple volume, thus losing fault tolerance. The space that was occupied by the removed mirror becomes unallocated space on the corresponding disk provided that that disk is not missing.

You cannot remove a mirror when both disks containing the mirrored volume are missing. To remove a mirror from a mirrored volume 1. Right-click the mirrored volume from which you want to remove a mirror, and then click Remove mirror.

Select the mirror that you want to remove. Note: If one of the mirrors is located on a missing disk, you can remove only that mirror. Click OK to add the pending mirror removal operation. Breaking a mirrored volume means converting its two mirrors into two independent simple volumes with initially identical content. One of the two volumes will retain the drive letter and volume label of the mirrored volume.

This operation differs from removing a mirror—see Remove mirror p. You can break a mirrored volume only when the disks containing both of its mirrors are online. To break a mirrored volume 1. Right-click the mirrored volume that you want to break, and then click Break mirror.

To not assign a drive letter to the volume, click Do not assign the letter. The other mirror will be assigned the drive letter and volume label of the original mirrored volume. Click OK to add the pending mirrored volume breaking operation. It can be especially useful in cases when a volume cannot be seen by Windows Explorer—for example, a volume with Linux file systems, or when running Acronis Disk Director from bootable media where there are no tools to view what is exactly stored on a volume.

To browse a volume's content 1. Right-click the volume whose contents you need to browse, and then click Browse files. In the Browse window, expand the folder tree to explore files and folders on the selected volume. When you are finished with browsing, click OK.

Note: The Browse window shows the real volume contents, read from the disk. If there are some operations pending, such as splitting a volume, you will not be able to explore the locked volumes until the operations are committed or canceled.

However, operations on folders in the Browse window are executed immediately. Hard disk volumes should be checked before configuring any operation on them—see Precautions p. Acronis Disk Director does not perform the checking itself, rather it launches the Check Disk tool Chkdsk. To check a volume 1. Right-click the volume whose file system you need to check, and then click Check.

To find and fix errors if any , select the Fix found errors check box. To locate bad sectors and recover readable information, select the Try to fix found bad sectors check box. Click OK to run the volume check. If the volume contains a very large number of files—for example, millions—the check can take a long time to complete. The results of the operation will be displayed in a separate window. Note: If the volume is in use, the tool can only check it for errors, but cannot repair them.

The checking and fixing of errors on this volume will be performed the next time you restart the system. Defragmentation increases the system performance by consolidating fragmented files on a volume. Fragmentation occurs when the operating system cannot allocate enough contiguous space to store a complete file as a unit and thus, writes different pieces of a file in gaps between other files.

The defragmentation rearranges pieces of each file as close together and contiguously as possible, minimizing the time required to access it. To defragment a volume 1. Right click the volume you need to defragment, and then click Defragment. In the Defragmentation window, click OK to start defragmenting the volume. Depending on the amount of fragmented files, the defragmentation may take a long time to complete. The results will be displayed in a separate window.

Smaller cluster sizes allow for more efficient storage of smaller files by reducing the amount of wasted disk space. Furthermore, larger files may become more fragmented across the volume, increasing the amount of time that is needed to access them. Bigger cluster sizes improve performance by decreasing the time to access to larger files. However, having a bigger cluster size wastes disk space if the typical size of the files stored on the volume is smaller than the cluster size.

To change cluster size 1. Right-click the volume whose cluster size you need to change, and then click Change cluster size. Select the required cluster size from the list. The default cluster size is marked in the list as default. The default cluster size depends on the volume size and the type of the file system.

Important: The program does not allow you to select a particular cluster size if, the free volume space will decrease to the point where the data will not fit on the volume. Acronis Disk Director displays warning messages, when you select such cluster sizes. Click OK to add the pending cluster size changing operation.

Right-click the volume whose file system you need to convert, and then click Change file system. Select the required file system. Click OK to add the pending file system changing operation.

Hiding a volume means changing the volume type so that the operating system cannot "see" this volume. You may want to hide a volume in order to protect information from unauthorized or casual access.

Hiding a volume does not affect letters assigned to other volumes, but the hidden volume loses its letter and this letter becomes free for assignment. Important: Hiding a volume that contains a swap file will prevent your machine from booting. Hiding a system volume or a boot volume with a currently running operating system is disabled in order to retain your machine bootability.

To hide a volume 1. Right-click the volume you need to hide, and then click Hide volume. If the volume has mount points, they will be removed automatically.

Click OK to add the pending volume hiding operation. To unhide a volume 1. Right-click the hidden volume you need to unhide, and then click Unhide volume. The program automatically assigns the first vacant drive letter to this volume. Click OK to add the pending volume unhiding operation.

All of a files information, with the exception of its actual name and data, is stored in the i-node. Each file has its own i-node. Each i-node contains a file description, including number, file type, size, data block pointers, etc.

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Related Papers. All rights reserved. Linux is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds. All other trademarks and copyrights referred to are the property of their respective owners. Distribution of substantively modified versions of this document is prohibited without the explicit permission of the copyright holder. Distribution of this work or derivative work in any standard paper book form for commercial purposes is prohibited unless prior permission is obtained from the copyright holder.

The license terms for such third-parties are detailed in the license. Patent Numbers: 7,,; 7,,; 7,,;7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 7,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; 8,,; and patent pending applications. With a comprehensive set of operations, you can organize your hard disk and volume configuration for optimal performance, while keeping your data safe.

If you need extra unallocated space on a disk containing one of the mirrors—remove a mirror. Break a mirrored volume to get two independent simple volumes with initially identical content. For example, you can copy the contents of a mirrored volume to a spanned volume. It transfers all the source disk data to a target disk.

The source disk volumes can be cloned to the target disk "as is", or resized automatically with respect to the target disk size.

Both bootable media types are available: Linux-based and WinPE-based. In this section Hardware requirements If you have the previous version of Acronis Disk Director, remove it before proceeding with the installation of Acronis Disk Director Run the setup file of Acronis Disk Director Click Install Acronis Disk Director. Accept the terms of the license agreement. Type in your license key. Skip this step if you want to evaluate the demo product version p.

Select whether you want to install the program for all users on this machine, or for the current user only. Proceed with installation. Download the latest product update from the official Acronis web site. Run the Acronis Disk Director setup file. Select Update. Proceed with the update. Follow the instructions on the screen. Acronis Disk Director will be completely removed. Remove Acronis Disk Director 11 from your machine.

Follow the on-screen instructions as described in Installing Acronis Disk Director p. Upgrading from the demo version of Acronis Disk Director 12 If you already have the demo version p. Run Acronis Disk Director. Operations on volumes whose size is larger than MB cannot be committed. After reading this section, you will know the advantages and limitations of each possible volume configuration. In addition, you will be able to decide what types of disks and volumes best suit your needs for organizing data storage.

In this section Basic and dynamic disks Basic disks This is the type of disk that most computers originally have. Basic disks can normally be used by any operating system, including any version of Windows. A basic disk can store one or more volumes—called basic volumes. A basic volume cannot occupy more than one disk. Dynamic disks These disks provide a greater functionality as compared to basic disks. Dynamic disks can be used only by the Windows operating systems starting with Windows A dynamic disk can store one or more volumes—called dynamic volumes.

Unlike a basic volume, a dynamic volume can occupy more than one disk. When to use dynamic disks. Dynamic disks are most effective if your machine has more than one hard disk drive. If a disk with one of these mirrors fails, no data will be lost on such volume. You may need to do so, for example, to install an operating system other than Windows on that disk.

Converting a dynamic disk to basic may require deleting some volumes on it, such as volumes that occupy more than one disk. The main difference between a primary volume and a logical volume is that a primary volume can be used as the system or active volume—that is, a volume from which the machine or its Windows operating systems start. On each basic GPT p. The maximum volume size on a GPT disk is 16 exabytes. The maximum volume size on an MBR disk is 2 terabytes. If you are not planning to use more than four volumes on the disk, all volumes can be primary volumes.

Otherwise, you can leave the active volume and the system volume as primary volumes, and then create as many logical volumes as required. If the disk already has four primary volumes and you need to create a fifth volume, first convert one of the volumes—but not the system or active volume—to a logical volume, as described in Converting a primary volume to logical p.

Simple volume A volume p. Physically, a simple volume can occupy more than one region of disk space, which can be logically perceived as a single contiguous region.

When you extend a simple volume to another disk, the volume becomes a spanned volume p. When you add a mirror to a simple volume, the volume becomes a mirrored volume p. Spanned volume A volume that consists of disk space from two or more dynamic disks p. A spanned volume can reside on up to 32 disks.

Unlike mirrored p. Unlike striped volumes p. Access to data on striped volumes is usually faster than on other types of dynamic volumes, because it can be performed simultaneously on multiple hard disks. Unlike a mirrored volume p. A striped volume is also known as a RAID-0 volume.

Mirrored volume A fault-tolerant volume whose data is duplicated on two physical disks p. Each of the two parts of a mirrored volume is called a mirror.

All of the data on one disk is copied to another disk to provide data redundancy. If one of the hard disks fails, the data can still be accessed from the remaining hard disks. Volumes that can be mirrored include the system volume p. A mirrored volume is sometimes called a RAID-1 volume.

Note: No redundancy provided by the dynamic volumes architecture can replace the proper backup procedure. If you want to be sure of the safety of your data, the best policy is to combine both precautions. Each such volume is called active, system, or boot, depending on its function. If only one Windows operating system is installed on your machine, a single volume is often the active, system, and boot volume at the same time.

Because of their special role, you should use extra caution when performing operations with these volumes. Some operations with these volumes have limitations as compared to ordinary volumes. Active volume This is the volume from which the machine starts after you switch it on. The system volume contains files that are necessary to start Windows, such as boot.

There is always one system volume, whereas each of the installed Windows operating systems usually stores its files on its own volume, called a boot volume. Boot volume This is the volume on which the files of a particular Windows operating system are stored. A boot volume contains folders such as the Program Files folder and the Windows folder. Note: The notions of system volume and boot volume apply only to Windows operating systems.

It ensures that each file system allocation unit cluster on the volume starts and ends on the boundaries of the disk's physical sectors. If the volume clusters are aligned with sectors, this volume and all following volumes are also aligned. If clusters are not aligned with sectors, the volumes are misaligned. Misalignment decreases the overall system performance and hardware lifetime.

The volume start is aligned to byte sectors. Usually, a track consists of 63 physical sectors. Since the first track is reserved for the master boot record MBR and other service purposes, the first volume starts from the beginning of the second track of the disk.

Therefore, volumes aligned by 63 sectors are not aligned with 4-KB sectors: 63 sectors by bytes do not match with the integer number of 4-KB sectors. Thus, the first created volume and all of the following volumes on the hard disk drive will be misaligned. Why misalignment is an important issue for hard disk drives When a single bit of data is changed, the operating system entirely overwrites the cluster that contains the changed data.

But if misalignment occurs, the cluster will overlap more physical sectors than it would have occupied if aligned. As a result, more physical sectors need to be erased and rewritten each time data changes. For SSD drives misalignment decreases not only system performance, but also drive lifetime. How to avoid volume misalignment The latest operating systems, starting from Windows Vista, already support the new sector size. Thus, volumes created with these operating systems will be properly aligned.

Many hard disk drive manufacturers supply their modern drives with controllers that can shift addressing offset to one sector 63 sector becomes 64 sector , so volumes will appear aligned. There are no volumes on this drive yet. If you start creating volumes on this disk using Windows XP, you may experience some slowdown of the system performance while accessing the disk.

To ensure proper volume alignment and normal access to volumes on this disk, perform the following steps: 1. Create a bootable media with Acronis Disk Director—see How to create bootable media. Select the Bootable media OS disk layout—see Disk layout p. Create volumes—see Creating a volume p. After the volumes are created, you can perform other operations with them including changing their size under any disk layout.

Volumes already contain data. To align the misaligned volumes on the disk using Acronis Disk Director, clone this disk to another and then clone it back—see Disk cloning p.

After cloning, Acronis Disk Director shifts the first volume start with 1MB offset, all the disk volumes will be aligned properly. In this section Precautions Back up the disk whose volumes will be created or managed.

Having your most important data backed up to another hard disk or CD will allow you to work on disk volumes being reassured that your data is safe. Acronis has an extremely effective comprehensive data backup and recovery solution — Acronis True Image. It creates a data or disk backup copy stored in a compressed archive file that can be restored in case of an accident. Check volumes p. This means no other disk management utilities such as the Windows Disk Management utility can access it at that time.

With these simple precautions, you will protect yourself against accidental data loss. In the disk management area, examine the current layout of disks and volumes. Add one or more management operations on disks and volumes to the queue of pending operations. These operations will take effect only after you commit them. In the disk management area, examine how the layout of disks and volumes will look when the pending operations are completed.

Commit the pending operations. Some operations, such as changing the size of a volume from which Windows starts, may require restarting the machine. Running Acronis Disk Director from a bootable media Acronis Disk Director has a bootable version that can be run on a bare metal system, or on a crashed machine that cannot boot normally, or even on a non-Windows system, like Linux. While working under bootable media p.

Menu The menu provides access to all the actions, tools and settings of Acronis Disk Director. Toolbar The toolbar displays the current disk layout p. Disk Management view The disk management area contains the table of disks and volumes and the graphical panel. Table The table lists all the disks and their volumes and lets you select any of them to perform operations.

You can sort volumes by columns. Click the column's header to sort the volumes in ascending order. Click it once again to sort the volumes in descending order. If required, you can hide the shown columns and show the hidden ones.

To show or hide columns 1. Right-click any column header to open the context menu. The menu items that are ticked off correspond to the column headers presented in the table. Graphical panel The graphical panel provides visual information about all the disks and their volumes for better understanding of the volume configuration. The graphical panel also lets you select both the volumes and disks to perform operations on them. Actions and tools pane Provides quick access to the operations that can be performed on the selected disk or volume see Volume operations p.

The status helps you to estimate the condition of a disk or volume. Disk statuses are displayed in the graphical panel below their capacity. This is the normal disk status. You can change an online disk to offline—see Changing a disk status: online to offline. If a disk has errors, we recommended you to repair it as soon as possible to avoid data loss. You can make the disk that you previously switched to offline, fully accessible—see Changing a disk status: offline to online.

To access data on foreign disks, you have to add these disks to your machine's system configuration—see Importing foreign disks p. After you install a new disk, the disk must be registered in the operating system—see Disk initialization. Only then, you can create volumes on that disk. To find out more information about disk statuses, please refer to the Disk status descriptions article on the Microsoft website.

For instructions explaining how to repair disks with an Online Errors , Offline, or Missing status, please refer to the Troubleshooting Disk Management article on the Microsoft website. Volume statuses appear both in the table and graphical panel. This is the normal volume status. The Healthy status often has a number of substatuses that are displayed in the table view in parentheses and in the graphical view below the volume size and separated by a semicolon.

The System, Boot and Active substatuses are the most common and described in the Active, system, and boot volumes p. You can access the volume until the remaining dynamic disk is online. To avoid data loss, we recommend you to repair the volume as soon as possible. To find out more information about disk statuses, please refer to the Volume status descriptions article on the Microsoft website. For instructions explaining how to repair volumes with erroneous statuses, please refer to the Troubleshooting Disk Management article on the Microsoft website.

A volume may have a different letter in different Windows operating systems. For example, volume E: might appear as D: or L: when you boot another Windows operating system installed on the same machine. It is also possible that this volume will have the same letter E: under any Windows operating system installed on the machine.

Moreover, a dynamic disk created in one Windows operating system is considered as a Foreign Disk in another Windows operating system or might even be unsupported by this operating system. When you need to perform a disk management operation on such machine, it is necessary to specify for which operating system the disk management operation will be performed, i.

Click the operating system name to select another operating system in the Operating System Selection window. Under bootable media, this window appears immediately after Acronis Disk Director is launched. The disk layout will be displayed according to the operating system you select. To perform any operation 1. Note: the list of available actions in the Actions menu, the context menu and the Actions pane depends on the selected volume or disk type. The same also applies to unallocated space.

You will be forwarded to the operation specific window, or the wizard page, where you have to specify the operation's settings. Click OK. The operation will not be performed immediately, but will be considered pending p. You can prepare a sequence of operations to be performed on disks and volumes.

All pending operations will be performed only after you commit them. Nevertheless, the results of any pending disk or volume operation are immediately displayed in the product main window.

For example, if you create a volume, it will be immediately shown in the table view at the top, as well as in the graphical view at the bottom. Any volume changes, including changing the volume letter or label, are also immediately displayed. While an operation is pending it can be easily undone and redone—see Undoing pending operations p. Until then, Acronis Disk Director will only demonstrate the new volume structure that will result from the operations, planned to be performed on disks and volumes.

This approach enables you to control all planned operations, double-check the intended changes, and, if necessary, undo operations before they are executed. All pending operations are added to the pending operations list that can be viewed in the Pending operations window. To view and commit pending operations 1. On the toolbar, click Commit pending operations. In the Pending operations window, view and examine the list of pending operations.

Click Proceed to execute the operations. You will not be able to undo any operations after you choose to proceed the operation. To quit the Pending operations window without committing, click Cancel. If you try to exit Acronis Disk Director while there are pending operations that are not yet committed, you will be asked whether you want to commit them.

Quitting the program without committing the pending operations effectively cancels them. While the list is populated, this action is available. For instance, when you create a new volume, the respective entry is added to the log. With the log, you can examine information about disk and volume operations, including reasons any for failures. Physically, a log is a collection of XML files stored on the machine.

Rebooting eliminates the log, but you can save the log to a file while the machine is booted with the media. You can also hide the unneeded columns and show the hidden ones. See the Filtering and sorting log entries p.

Click Get product: Further steps depend on deployment type: On-premises deployment: click Download to open downloads page, then click Bootable Media ISO Cloud deployment: click Open Cloud console , then click on the "account" icon in the top right corner and select Downloads from the drop-down menu. Click Get latest version of Acronis Cyber Backup : Further steps depend on deployment type: On-premises deployment: click More download options to open downloads page, then click Bootable Media ISO for Windows and Linux Cloud deployment: click Open Cloud console , then click on the "account" icon in the top right corner and select Downloads from the drop-down menu.

The ISO file that you download from the website is available in English only. If you want to use a localized bootable media, create it in the installed Acronis product on your machine. Use the media builder provided with Acronis Disk Director to create this media. Please note, this demo version of Acronis Disk Director will only carry out volume operations whose initial and resulting size is a maximum of MB.

Acronis Disk Director provides a powerful collection of hard drive tools, yet a very well-designed interface means it's always easy to use. Well worth a look, particularly if you're intimidated by the complexities of some similar products. Create, format, move, resize, merge, delete and undelete your partitions with this versatile hard drive management tool. Use this simple, but fully-featured drive partitioning software to add, resize or delete partitions from your computer or external drive.

Create, copy, move, expand, shrink or delete partitions from this bootable Linux-based environment. Select the type of media to create. You will generally need to select an the ISO image option. After selecting where to save the image file, review the details and click Proceed : Once the WinPE media image is created, burn it to a disc.

Was this article helpful? Access Benefit from the direct byte access and editing capabilities of the Acronis Disk Editor when modifying your disk. Includes support for the Windows 10 Preinstallation Environment.

Manage Browse detailed information about all hard disks, partitions and files systems, hide or make visible any partition type, and preview changes before applying them. Optimize Get the most out of your system by examining and automatically optimizing the use of hard disk space.

Acronis Disk Director. Buy now Try now No credit card required. You can operate both products on the same machine, using the same Linux-based bootable media, to back up and protect the disk volumes that you create and manage. System requirements. Looking for help? Frequently asked questions What is the licensing policy? Product help.

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